汽车金融公司管理办法(英文版)
中国银行业监督管理委员会
China Banking Regulatory Commission No. 4 Order
Upon the approval of the State Council, the Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company is now promulgated by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chairman Liu Mingkang
October 3, 2003
Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 The Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) is stipulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations to serve the need of developing auto financing business and regulating the business activities of the non-bank financial institutions engaging in auto financing business.
Article 2 Auto financing companies referred to in the Rules are defined as non-bank financial legal entities charted by the China Banking Regulatory Commission in compliance with relevant laws, regulations and the Rules to provide loans for auto buyers and dealers in the mainland of China.
Article 3 Auto financing companies are supervised and regulated by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chapter II Incorporation, Change and Termination
Article 4 The establishment of an auto financing company shall be subject to the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, no individual or entity shall be allowed to establish an auto financing company, or engage in auto financing business, or include in the name of a company such names as “auto financing” or “auto loan” that indicate the company’s engagement in auto financing business
Article 5 An investor of an auto financing company shall satisfy following requirements:
(a) It shall be a corporate legal entity incorporated in and outside China.
If the investor is a non-financial entity, its total assets of the previous year shall be no less than RMB4 billion yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies; its annual business revenue of the previous year shall be no less than RMB2 billion yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies.
If the investor is a non-bank financial institution, its registered capital shall be no less than RMB300 million yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies;
(b) It shall have sound business performance and remain profitable for the last three consecutive years;
(c) It shall comply with the laws of the countries where it is incorporated and shall have a clean record;
(d) In case of the largest investor, it shall be an auto enterprise or a non-bank financial institution.
The auto enterprise refers to an enterprise that manufactures and sells the whole unit of an automobile.
The largest investor refers to the investor with the largest share of capital and its capital contribution accounting for no less than 30 percent of the total equity of the auto financing company;
(e) It shall not invest in more than one auto financing company; and
(f) It shall satisfy other prudential supervisory requirements set forth by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 6 An auto financing company shall satisfy the following conditions in order to be incorporated:
a) the minimum amount of registered capital required by the Rules;
b) Articles of Association that complies with relevant laws including the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Rules;
c) senior management familiar with auto financing and other related business;
d) a sound organizational structure, management and risk control systems;
e) proper business premises, safety measures and other facilities for business operations; and
f) other conditions set out by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 7 The minimum registered capital of an auto financing company shall be no less than RMB500 million yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies. Registered capital shall be paid-in capital.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall have the power to adjust the minimum registered capital of an auto financing company in line with the developments of auto financing business and the prudential requirements, but the adjusted floor shall not be lower than the amount provided in this Article.
Article 8 The establishment of an auto financing company shall cover two stages, i.e. the preparation stage and the business commencement stage. The Chinese text of all application documents for the preparation and the business commencement stages shall prevail.
Article 9 To apply for the preparation of a prospective auto financing company, the largest investor of the company shall act as the applicant and submit the following documents to the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) an application letter, including the auto financing company’s name, location of incorporation, registered capital, business scope and investors’ names and amounts of investment, etc.;
(b) a feasibility study on establishing the auto financing company, including a market analysis, a business plan, the organizational structure, an assessment of the company’s risk control capability, the proforma balance sheet and profits in the following three years after the business commencement;
(c) an Articles of Association of the auto financing company (a draft note);
(d) basic information of each investor of the auto financing company, including name, legal representative, location of incorporation, a photocopy of the business license and a summary of business performance, etc.;
(e) the investor’s balance sheet, profit and loss statement and cash flow statement for the latest three years audited by qualified auditing firms;
(f) name and resume of the person in charge of the preparation; and
(g) other documents required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
If the applicant is a foreign non-bank financial institution, it shall submit the consent of its home country supervisory authority in writing. If the applicant is a non-financial entity, it shall submit the credit rating report of the previous year by a rating agency.
Article 10 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, upon receiving a complete set of application documents for the preparation of an auto financing company, shall provide its decision of approval or denial in writing within six months.
Article 11 The applicant shall, upon receiving the approval letter from the China Banking Regulatory Commission, complete the preparation within six months. If the applicant has justification for prolonging the preparation stage beyond the prescribed period, it shall submit a written application to the China Banking Regulatory Commission before the original deadline falls due, and may extend the preparation stage for up to three months subject to the approval.
If the applicant fails to apply for business commencement upon the completion of the preparation stage or the extended preparation stage, the original approval document for the preparation shall become void automatically.
During the preparation stage, the applicant shall not conduct any auto financing business.
Article 12 The applicant shall, before the deadline of the preparation stage or the extended preparation stage, apply for business commencement to the China Banking Regulatory Commission with the following attachments:
(a) a report on completion of the preparation and an application letter for business commencement;
(b) a certification of paid-in capital issued by a qualified Chinese certifying agency, and a registration certificate issued by the State Administration of Industry and Commerce;
(c) articles of Association of the auto financing company;
(d) names and detailed resumes of proposed senior managerial personnel;
(e) name and capital contribution of each shareholder;
(f) proposed business rules and procedures and internal controls;
(g) verification documents on business premises and other business-related facilities issued by relevant authorities; and
(h) other documents required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 13 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, upon receiving a complete set of business commencement application documents, shall provide its decision of approval or denial of the application within three months. If the application is approved, the applicant shall receive a written approval letter attached with a license to conduct financial business with the prescribed business scope. If the application is denied, the applicant shall receive a written notice in which reasons for denial are provided.
The applicant shall, before commencing operations, register with the State Administration of Industry and Commerce with the presentation of the license to conduct financial business, and receive a corporate legal entity business License.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall revoke the license to conduct financial business and issue a public notice of the revocation if the auto financing company, after receiving the business license, fails without justification to open business within three months, or, without approval, stops operation for six consecutive months after business commencement.
Article 14 An auto financing company shall not set up any branch or subsidiary.
Article 15 The appointment of the senior managerial personnel of an auto financing company shall be either subject to the qualification review by the China Banking Regulatory Commission or filed with the China Banking Regulatory Commission for record.
The chairman of the board of directors, general manager and deputy general manager, executive directors, and chief financial officer of an auto financing company are subject to the qualification view by the China Banking Regulatory Commission. The qualifications of these senior managerial personnel and procedures relating to qualification review and filing for record shall be issued separately.
Article 16 An auto financing company, in case of any of the following changes, shall seek the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) change of company name;
(b) change of registered capital;
(c) change of business premises;
(d) change of business scope;
(e) change of organizational structure;
(f) change of equity structure;
(g) revision of Articles of Association;
(h) change of senior managerial personnel;
(i) merger or split; and
(j) other changes that require the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 17 The liquidation of an auto financing company whose operation is terminated because of dissolution, closure or bankruptcy, shall be carried out in compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
Chapter III Business Scope and Supervision
Article 18 An auto financing company may conduct all or part of the following lines of Renminbi business with the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) taking deposits with maturity of no less than three months from its shareholders in the mainland of China;
(b) extending loans for auto purchase;
(c) extending loans to auto dealers for purpose of purchasing automobiles or facilities for operations (including the show-room construction, purchase of spare parts and equipment repairs);
(d) transferring and selling auto loan receivables;
(e) borrowing from financial institutions;
(f) providing guarantee for auto purchase financing;
(g) agency business relating to auto purchase financing; and
(h) other loan business approved by The China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 19 An auto financing company, in case of extending loans to a natural person for auto purchase, shall observe relevant rules governing the auto loans to individual buyers promulgated by the relative supervisory authority. In case of extending auto loans to a legal entity or other organizations, an auto financing company shall observe relevant rules set out by General Provisions of Loans and other regulations.
Article 20 An auto financing company, without the approval of relevant regulatory authorities, shall not issue bonds or borrow funds from overseas. When an auto financing company’s establishment and business operations involve currency exchange, outward repatriation of profits, provision of auto loans for non-residents, capital management or other business transactions relating to foreign exchange administration, the company shall be subject to relevant regulations to be jointly issued by relative regulatory authorities and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.
Article 21 An auto financing company shall meet the requirement on the capital to risk assets ratio, and the capital adequacy ratio shall not be less than ten percent. The China Banking Regulatory Commission may increase the minimum requirement of capital adequacy ratio of an individual company in line with the company’s risk profile and risk management capability. Other requirements on risk control and management relating to various kinds of assets shall be issued separately by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 22 An auto financing company shall adopt relevant accounting rules for financial institutions.
Article 23 An auto financing company shall compile in required format and submit to the China Banking Regulatory Commission the balance sheet, the profit and loss Statement, the cash flow statement and other statements required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission, and submit the financial statements of the previous year within three months after the end of each accounting year.
An auto financing company shall not provide false financial statements, or statements in which important facts are concealed.
Article 24 An auto financing company shall establish and improve various business management systems and internal controls in line with Guidelines on Strengthening Internal Controls of Commercial Banks issued by the People’s Bank of China, and report the systems to the China Banking Regulatory Commission before their implementation.
Article 25 An auto financing company shall accept the on-site examination and the off-site surveillance by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 26 The China Banking Regulatory Commission may call the legal representatives or other senior managerial personnel of an auto financing company for inquiries into problems discovered during regular examinations, and demand the company to correct within a prescribed time frame.
Article 27 An auto financing company shall establish a system of external audit on a regular basis and submit to the China Banking Regulatory Commission annual auditor’s report signed by the company’s legal representative within six months after the end of each accounting year.
Article 28 An auto financing company, in case of encountering payment difficulties or other emergencies, shall take remedial actions, and promptly report to the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 29 The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall demand remedial actions by an auto financing company in case of the following circumstances:
(a) The company suffers from a loss in the current year of above 50 percent of the registered capital or losses in the last three consecutive years of above 10 percent of the registered capital;
(b) The company is in payment difficulties; and
(c) The company faces other major operational risks that the China Banking Regulatory Commission deems necessary to issue an order for corrective actions.
Article 30 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, after issuing an order for corrective actions to an auto financing company, may take the following enforcement actions:
(a) demanding or prohibiting the change of the company’s senior managerial personnel;
(b) suspending part of the company’s business or prohibiting the company’s engagement in new business lines;
(c) demanding an increase of the company’s capital within a prescribed time frame;
(d) demanding the company to change its equity structure or implement other forms of restructuring;
(e) prohibiting the dividend distribution; and
(f) other enforcement actions that the China Banking Regulatory Commission deems necessary.
Article 31 An auto financing company, when receiving an order for remedial actions, shall not resume normal business operations until the following conditions are met and are approved by the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) Solvency is restored;
(b) Losses are covered; and
(c) Major operational risks are addressed.
Article 32 The maximum time limit that an auto financing company is allowed for corrective actions shall not exceed one year. If the company fails to meet the objectives of remedial actions within the prescribed time limit, its operation shall be terminated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
Article 33 Auto financing companies may establish a trade association for self-regulation purposes. The activities of the trade association are subject to the guidance and oversight of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chapter IV Legal Liabilities
Article 34 Any establishment of an auto financing company or any auto financing business without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall be banned. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal liabilities shall be investigated. If the case dose not constitute a crime, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall confiscate the illegal earnings and impose a fine between one to five times the illegal earnings. If no illegal earnings are involved, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue an order for remedial actions and impose a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan.
Article 35 The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall demand correction and impose a fine of RMB1000 yuan if a company, without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, includes in its name such words as “auto finance”, “auto loan”, etc. that indicate the company’s engagement in auto financing business.
Article 36 In case of an auto financing company being found to engage in business activities beyond its prescribed business scope, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, confiscate the illegal earnings and impose a fine in a range of one to five times the illegal earnings. If no illegal earnings are involved, the China Banking Regulatory Commission imposes a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan. If the case constitutes a crime, the criminal liabilities shall be investigated.
Article 37 In case of an auto financing company being found in violation of relevant provisions of the Rules to provide false financial statements or statements in which important facts are concealed, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, and impose a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan. If the case constitutes a crime, the criminal liabilities shall be investigated.
Article 38 In case of an auto financing company being found in violation of relevant provisions of the Rules to reject or impede the examinations and oversight by the supervisor, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, and impose a fine of no less than RMB10,000 yuan and no more than RMB30,000 yuan.
Article 39 An auto financing company, in case of being found in violation of the Rules, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 34 to Article 38. If the violation is a serious one, the China Banking Regulatory Commission may ban the company’s senior managerial personnel from holding senior management position for one to ten years, or in some particular case, for life.
Article 40 An auto financing company, in case of being found in violation of other Chinese laws and regulations, shall be subject to enforcement actions by relevant regulatory authorities.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 41 The Rules is applicable to all auto financing companies incorporated in the mainland of China funded by investors from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan province.
Article 42 The Rules enters into effect on October 3, 2003, and the power of the interpretation rests with the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
没有签证等书面文件如何确认建设工程量
毕天成等与李才君建设工程合同纠纷上诉案分析
一、本案要旨
本案要旨为,建设工程竣工完成后,当事人对工程量有争议的,按照施工过程中形成的签证等书面文件确认。承包人能够证明发包人同意其施工,但未能提供签证文件证明工程量发生的,可以按照当事人提供的其他证据确认实际发生的工程量。
李才君与毕文杰约定,由李才君以包机械、模板、包工(劳务)的方式承建三项建设工程,建筑材料由建设方毕文杰提供。2009年4月18日,李才君与毕文杰雇请的工程管理人员毕天成对“振兴水头龙工地工程”和 “合成姓伍庄工地工程”进行结算,毕天成作为经手人分别在《振兴水头龙工地工程工资结算数》和 《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》上签名后,将两份文件交李才君收执。2009年12月29日,李才君又与毕天成对“文杰(家居)工地工程”进行结算,毕天成作为经手人在《文杰工地工程工资结算数》上签名后,将该文件交李才君收执。李才君确认毕文杰已支付工程款2686323元,毕文杰确认涉案三项工程均在本案受理前已交付其使用,但未明确具体的转移占有时间。
本案的争议焦点主要为,能否依据《振兴水头龙工地工程结算数》、《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》与《文杰工地工程工资结算数》等文件认定实际工程量。
一审法院审理认为,毕天成是发包人毕文杰雇请的工程管理人员,其与李才君签写的《振兴水头龙工地工程工资结算数》、《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》及《文杰工地工程工资结算数》等文件,应视为施工完工时形成的签证文件和签收了李才君提交的竣工验收结算文件,虽然上述签证文件未经毕文杰签名确认正式成为双方的结算凭证,但作为发包人的毕文杰有及时对工程结算的义务,其却在使用上述工程后拖延至今未正式与李才君进行结算,根据最高人民法院《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十九条规定,可以按照签证文件确认实际发生的工程量。诉讼中,毕文杰、毕天成虽对上述三份签证文件中的增加工程补款和文杰工地工程结算单价有异议,但未提供反驳证据加以证明,对毕文杰、毕天成的上述异议不予采信。
二审法院审理认为,上诉人毕文杰上诉称该三项工程尚未结算,但工程已于2009年竣工,毕文杰确认毕天成为其雇请的工作人员,且确认三份结算单上的签名为毕天成所签,而毕文杰亦未提供证据证实与被上诉人进行结算,故原审法院认定《振兴水头龙工地工程结算数》、《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》与《文杰工地工程工资结算数》等文件应视为施工完工时形成的签证文件和毕文杰签收了李才君提交的竣工验收结算文件,并据此认定实际工程量以及工程款利息的起算时间并无不当,法院依法予以确认。毕文杰上诉认为三份结算文件内容上存在涂改、增加,但并未提交证据证明结算文件的内容与事实不符,亦未申请鉴定,且有毕天成签名确认,故毕文杰该主张缺乏依据,法院依法不予认可。
二、案件来源
广州市花都区人民法院(2010)花法民三初字第425号;广东省广州市中级人民法院(2011)穗中法民五终字第1425号
三、基本案情
2007年8月左右,李才君、毕文杰口头约定,由李才君为毕文杰承建位于广州市花都区狮岭镇振兴村水头龙的两栋厂房,一栋四层高、一栋五层高。该工程称为“振兴水头龙工地工程”,于2009年4月完工。
2007年11月5日,李才君与毕文杰签订一份《建筑工程劳务承包合同》,由毕文杰将位于广州市花都区狮岭镇合成村团结五队经济社(即姓伍庄)的两栋六层框架结构工程给李才君承包(包机械、模板、包工),一栋为厂房,一栋为宿舍,双方在合同中还约定:按毕文杰提供的图纸投影面积结算工程款,厂房每平方米140元、宿舍每平方米165元;工程要在十个月内完工;工程款在竣工验收后30天内结清给李才君。该工程称为“合成姓伍庄工地工程”,于2009年4月完工。
2008年4月,李才君、毕文杰再口头约定,由李才君为毕文杰建造位于广州市花都区狮岭镇联合村均一队的一栋商住两用楼房,该工程称为“文杰(家居)工地工程”,于2009年12月20日完工。
上述三项工程均由李才君以包机械、模板、包工(劳务)的方式承建,建筑材料由建设方毕文杰提供。
2009年4月18日,李才君与毕文杰雇请的工程管理人员毕天成对“振兴水头龙工地工程”和 “合成姓伍庄工地工程”进行结算,毕天成作为经手人分别在《振兴水头龙工地工程工资结算数》和 《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》上签名后,将两份文件交李才君收执。其中《振兴水头龙工地工程工资结算数》载明:厂房(1)面积为5006.38?'''' 厂房(2)面积为1107.8?''''总工资为:(5006.38?+1107.8?)×135元/?=825417元;另因(1)木工质量、(2)上料队损失水泥、(3)外装质量等问题需扣除15500元。《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》载明:宿舍的面积为3623.44?'''' 工人工资为: 3623.44?×165元/?=597868元;厂房的面积为6580.5?'''' 工人工资为: 6580.5?×140元/?=921270元;振兴水头龙工地工程和合成姓伍庄工地工程两工地总工资为:825417元+597868元+921270元=2344555元;另补钩机台班费1600元,水磨材料款7000元;工程质量问题扣款11500元。
2009年12月29日,李才君又与毕天成对“文杰(家居)工地工程”进行结算,毕天成作为经手人在《文杰工地工程工资结算数》上签名后,将该文件交李才君收执。《文杰工地工程工资结算数》载明:面积为3427?'''' 工程款为: 3427?×180元/?=616860元''''加上土方款3200元''''合计620060元; 工程质量问题扣款:因(1)木工质量、(2)楼顶漏水、(3)上料损失材料等问题需共扣款35000元;补款:因增加(1)八楼地板砖、(2)电梯房墙砖、(3)封管、(4)梯房清扫、(5)外围下水管等工程小项目补款11850元;另补钩机台班费4800元。
诉讼中,李才君申请对毕文杰提供的日期为2008年11月5日、金额均为40000元的两张付款凭据《现金支出证明单》上“李文才”的签名进行笔迹鉴定,并交付鉴定费3200元。经原审法院委托,广东明鉴文书司法鉴定所于2010年9月2日作出明鉴司法鉴定所【2010】文鉴字第78号《司法鉴定意见书》,鉴定结论为:检材上左下方的“李文才”签名字迹与样本上的“李文才”签名字迹是同一个人所写。对该意见书,李才君、毕文杰、毕天成均表示没有异议。其后李才君确认毕文杰已支付工程款2686323元,毕文杰确认涉案三项工程均在本案受理前已交付其使用,但未明确具体的转移占有时间。
另查明,在承建涉案工程时,李才君未取得从事经营建筑活动的资格证书。
四、法院审理
原审法院认为:李才君为毕文杰承建涉案三项工程的事实,李才君、毕文杰、毕天成双方对此均没有异议,故予以确认。
李才君作为本案建设工程的实际施工人,没有合法的企业资质,与毕文杰签订《建筑工程劳务承包合同》,非法承建涉案工程。根据最高人民法院《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第一条规定,该合同违反了现行法律通过采用强制性管理制度对建筑施工企业实行主体准入管理的规定,应当认定该合同无效。
关于毕文杰应否向李才君支付工程款的问题。李才君虽系无资质的自然人,但其承建的涉案三项工程均已交付毕文杰使用,应视为工程已竣工验收,根据最高人民法院《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第二条的规定,李才君主张工程发包人毕文杰参照合同约定支付工程款的请求,应当予以支持。
关于工程结算问题。毕天成是发包人毕文杰雇请的工程管理人员,其与李才君签写的《振兴水头龙工地工程工资结算数》、《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》及《文杰工地工程工资结算数》等文件,应视为施工完工时形成的签证文件和签收了李才君提交的竣工验收结算文件,虽然上述签证文件未经毕文杰签名确认正式成为双方的结算凭证,但作为发包人的毕文杰有及时对工程结算的义务,其却在使用上述工程后拖延至今未正式与李才君进行结算,根据最高人民法院《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十九条规定,可以按照签证文件确认实际发生的工程量。诉讼中,毕文杰、毕天成虽对上述三份签证文件中的增加工程补款和文杰工地工程结算单价有异议,但未提供反驳证据加以证明,对毕文杰、毕天成的上述异议不予采信。
关于涉案工程质量问题。毕文杰认为涉案工程存在质量问题,并因此提供十四张照片予以证明,李才君对此不予确认。由于上述三份签证文件已注明工程存在一些质量问题,并注明应扣减的工程款金额,故对毕文杰的该主张予以采信。同时三份签证文件也证明了毕文杰、毕天成已在当时对工程进行了竣工验收。根据最高人民法院《关于审理建设施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十一条规定,发包人毕文杰请求减少支付工程价款,应予支持。根据上述签证文件约定,“振兴水头龙工地工程” 减少支付工程价款15500元,“合成姓伍庄工地工程” 减少支付工程价款11500元, “文杰(家居)工地工程” 减少支付工程价款35000元,三项合计62000元。
按照上述三份签证文件,该院对李才君已完成工程的造价确认如下:其中振兴水头龙工地工程造价为825417元,合成姓伍庄工地工程造价为1519138元(宿舍597868元+厂房921270元),文杰工地工程造价为620060元。另“合成姓伍庄工地工程”增补钩机台班费1600元、水磨材料款7000元;“文杰(家居)工地工程”增补八楼地板砖、电梯房墙砖、封管、梯房清扫、外围下水管等小项工程的工程款11850元及钩机台班费4800元。涉案三项工程总造价为:(825417元+1519138元+620060元)+(1600元+7000元+11850元+4800元)=2989865元,因工程质量存在问题减少支付工程价款62000元,工程款总额为:2927865元,再减去毕文杰已付工程款2686323元,毕文杰尚欠李才君工程款为241542元。
关于工程款的利息问题。实际为李才君因毕文杰逾期付款造成的利息损失。由于毕文杰、毕天成均确认在2009年12月29日已签收了上述三份签证文件,而该三份签证文件又具有验收结算的内容,并对存在的质量问题以减少支付工程价款的方法进行了处理,那么2009年12月29日应为竣工验收之日,三份签证文件也应视为李才君向毕文杰、毕天成提交的竣工验收结算文件。根据最高人民法院《关于审理建筑工程施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第十七条、第十八条的规定,李才君请求起按中国人民银行规定的同期同类贷款利率计付欠付工程价款利息,理由成立,予以支持。由于李才君、毕文杰约定 “工程款在竣工验收后30天内结清”,因此利息应自2010年1月28日起计算。
因毕天成不是合同当事人,也不是工程的发包人,李才君要求毕天成承担责任,没有法律依据,不予支持。
综上所述,依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第五十二条第(五)项、第五十八条,最高人民法院《关于审理建筑工程施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》第一条、第二条、第十一条、第十四条、第十七条、第十八条、第十九条、第二十条,《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条第一款,《最高人民法院关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》第二条的规定,原审法院判决:一、李才君与毕文杰于2007年11月5日签订《建设工程劳务承包合同》无效。二、毕文杰在本判决发生法律效力之日起十日内向李才君支付工程款241542元。三、毕文杰在本判决发生法律效力之日起十日内向李才君支付工程款241542元的利息(利息从2010年1月28日起按照中国人民银行规定的同期同类贷款利率计至实际清偿之日止)。四、驳回李才君的其他诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务,应当按照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百二十九之规定,加倍支付迟延期间的债务利息。该案受理费6149元,由李才君负担1500元,毕文杰负担4649元。
二审法院认为,本案所涉三个纠纷主体相同、案情类似、且同为建设工程合同纠纷,原审法院对三个纠纷合并审理并未违反法律规定,本院予以认可。涉案三项工程已交付毕文杰使用,故原审法院认定毕文杰应参照合同约定向李才君支付工程款并无不当。上诉人毕文杰上诉称该三项工程尚未结算,但工程已于2009年竣工,毕文杰确认毕天成为其雇请的工作人员,且确认三份结算单上的签名为毕天成所签,而毕文杰亦未提供证据证实与被上诉人进行结算,故原审法院认定《振兴水头龙工地工程结算数》、《合成姓伍庄工地工程工资结算数》与《文杰工地工程工资结算数》等文件应视为施工完工时形成的签证文件和毕文杰签收了李才君提交的竣工验收结算文件,并据此认定实际工程量以及工程款利息的起算时间并无不当,本院依法予以确认。毕文杰上诉认为三份结算文件内容上存在涂改、增加,但并未提交证据证明结算文件的内容与事实不符,亦未申请鉴定,且有毕天成签名确认,故毕文杰该主张缺乏依据,本院依法不予认可。原审法院关于涉案工程质量问题的处理亦无不当,本院予以认可。毕文杰主张李才君应付返修至质量及格的义务,因其一审并未提出反诉,故本案对此不作出处理,毕文杰可另寻途径解决。毕文杰的其他主张缺乏事实和法律依据,本院依法不予确认。
毕天成并未因一审判决而负担义务,其与毕文杰以相同理由上诉,缺乏依据,本院依法不予认可。
综上所述,原审判决认定事实清楚,适用法律正确,依法应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百五十三条第一款第(一)项的规定,判决如下:
驳回上诉,维持原判。
本判决为终审判决。
五、与本案及类似案例相关的法规索引
《最高人民法院关于审理建设工程施工合同纠纷案件适用法律问题的解释》
第十九条 当事人对工程量有争议的,按照施工过程中形成的签证等书面文件确认。承包人能够证明发包人同意其施工,但未能提供签证文件证明工程量发生的,可以按照当事人提供的其他证据确认实际发生的工程量。
(本文为原创作品,未经作者书面授权,禁止转载)
编者注:本文摘自北京建设工程与房地产专业律师唐湘凌编著的《中国建设工程施工合同纠纷案例百案评析》。唐湘凌毕业于中国人民大学,法学硕士,从事法律职业十余年。其北京建设工程与房地产专业律师团队处理过大量涉及工程建设、房地产的法律事务,在该领域有丰富经验,欢迎委托处理该领域的法律事务(地址:北京市朝阳区东三环北路38号北京国际中心;电话:186-0190-0636,邮箱:lawyernew@163.com)。